In general, all cargoes imported into / exported from China via air and sea are subject to Customs control which is done primarily through inspection of documents such as manifests. Physical examination of the goods, if necessary, is mainly conducted on a selective basis.
Clearance Document:
Documents required to facilitate Customs clearance are:
1. manifests;
2. import / export licence or removal permit (if required);
3. copy of detention notice (if applicable); and / or other special request
4. other supporting documents such as bill of lading, airway bill, invoice, packing list etc.
Cargo Examination:
The Customs and Excise Department (C&ED) attaches great importance to the protection and facilitation of legitimate trade and industry in addition to upholding the trading integrity of China. Risk management is employed on selection of cargo for examination to ensure Customs intervention at control points is kept to the minimal. To expedite cargo clearance, there are several electronic cargo clearance systems to facilitate submission of advance cargo information by shippers.
Air Ship:
There is an Air Cargo Clearance System (ACCS) which enhances the Customs clearance of air cargoes. The ACCS enables the C&ED to provide fast Customs clearance service to the legitimate trade without compromising security of China.
Sea Ship:
For containerized cargoes conveyed by ocean-going vessels, the C&ED will issue detention notices to shipping agents, container terminal operators, godown operators and consignees requiring their submission of cargo manifests for Customs scrutiny. Apart from the conventional paper handling method, the C&ED also encourages carriers to submit electronic manifests via the Electronic System for Cargo Manifests (EMAN) prior to the arrival of shipments.
For containerized cargoes conveyed by river trade vessels, the C&ED may issue detention notices to the consignees of the cargoes, shipping agents, container terminal operators and godown operators requiring their cargoes to be removed to premises nominated by the consignees, owners or shipping agents for cargo examination.
For non-containerized sea cargoes, the C&ED will deploy officers to conduct strike and search operations onboard the vessels or at the respective loading spots e.g. Public Cargo Working Areas or buoys. The masters or agents of the vessels are required to furnish manifests in respect of the cargoes being imported or exported if they are requested to do so.
A Shipper’s Agent &A customs broker
An international shipping broker is often confused with a shipper’s agent, but these are different jobs. A shipper’s agent doesn’t deal with customs clearance at all. Instead, they’re responsible for handling paperwork for a ship to enter port facilities and other issues related to a vessel. The main difference between these two is on whose behalf they act. A customs broker acts on behalf of a client who has chosen broker’s services, while a shipper’s agent acts on the behalf of a shipowner or is hired by a cargo transporter.
A Customs Broker not equal to Freight Forwarders
To compete on the market, many transport companies acquired broker’s licenses and can help you with Customs clearance. At the time of writing, nearly 80% of freight forwarding companies registered in the US offer brokerage and other related services. Still, not all brokers are freight forwarders.
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